![]() In the current global work environment, most companies focus on lowering employee turnover and on retaining the talent and knowledge held by their workforce. It was initially dominated by transactional work, such as payroll and benefits administration, but due to globalization, company consolidation, technological advances, and further research, HR as of 2015 focuses on strategic initiatives like mergers and acquisitions, talent management, succession planning, industrial and labor relations, and diversity and inclusion. HR is a product of the human relations movement of the early 20th century, when researchers began documenting ways of creating business value through the strategic management of the workforce. These HR professionals could work in all areas or be labour relations representatives working with unionized employees. On the other side of the field are HR generalists or business partners. Managing employee benefits includes developing compensation structures, parental leave programs, discounts, and other benefits for employees. Employee relations deals with the concerns of employees when policies are broken, such as cases involving harassment or discrimination. This is done through training programs, performance evaluations, and reward programs. ![]() Training and development professionals ensure that employees are trained and have continuous development. They can specialize in finding, recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees, as well as maintaining employee relations or benefits. HR professionals manage the human capital of an organization and focus on implementing policies and processes. The overall purpose of human resources (HR) is to ensure that the organization is able to achieve success through people. HR also concerns itself with organizational change and industrial relations, or the balancing of organizational practices with requirements arising from collective bargaining and governmental laws. HR departments are responsible for overseeing employee-benefits design, employee recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal, and reward management, such as managing pay and employee benefits systems. Human resource management is primarily concerned with the management of people within organizations, focusing on policies and systems. It is designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives. Human resource management ( HRM or HR) is the strategic and coherent approach to the effective and efficient management of people in a company or organization such that they help their business gain a competitive advantage.
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